SEM is an advanced imaging instrument that employs electron beams to visualize the surface morphology
of specimens with high resolution. By scanning the specimen, SEM generates detailed images, revealing
micro- and nano-scale structural features crucial for scientific analysis in fields such as materials
science and biology. SEM can be high-resolution imaging, elemental composition, surface analysis,
material characterization, and 3D Imaging.
General Methods Description:
Samples were mounted on conductive aluminum stubs and coated with 15 nm of platinum to reduce charging.
Imaging was performed using a JEOL JSM-6500F field-emission SEM at 5 kV accelerating voltage and an 18
mm working distance. Secondary electron and backscattered electron signals were collected to examine
surface morphology and composition. Elemental analysis was conducted using an Oxford X-Max 50 EDS detector,
with spectra and maps acquired under optimized beam conditions (20 kV, 12–15 mm WD). SEM and EDS data
were processed using the manufacturer's software with standard background subtraction and peak identification.